Nephron and Urine Formmation_Unsolved Paper
Chapter: Life Processes | Topic: Nephron and Urine Formation
NEPHRON AND URINE FORMMATION_UNSOLVED PAPER
Topic: Nephron and Urine Formation
Q1. The structural and functional unit of the human kidney is:
- Neuron
- Nephron
- Alveolus
- Villus
Q2.Which structure is a network of blood capillaries involved in the filtration of blood?
- Ureter
- Glomerulus
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
Q3. The cup-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus is called:
- Bowman’s capsule
- Renal pelvis
- Collecting duct
- Ureter
Q4.Which process returns useful substances from the filtrate back into the blood?
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Ingestion
- Transpiration
Q5. After a long school sports practice, a student drinks very little water. Which change may occur in the urine formed?
- The amount of urine may change due to altered water reabsorption.
- The kidneys stop filtering blood completely.
- The nephrons stop functioning permanently.
- The urinary bladder starts filtering blood.
Q6. Urine formed in the nephrons is finally collected and carried towards the:
- Renal artery
- Renal vein
- Ureter
- Glomerulus
Short questions
Q1.What is a nephron? Why is it called the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
Q2.Name the main parts of a nephron involved in the formation and collection of urine.
Q3. What is ultrafiltration? Where does it take place in the nephron?
Q4.A student drinks a large amount of water after returning home from school. How may the kidneys respond to this change in water intake?
Q5. Why is selective reabsorption important during urine formation?
Q6. Differentiate between the renal artery and the renal vein based on the blood they carry and their role in kidney function.
Q1. Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a nephron. Describe the role of its major parts in the formation of urine.
Q2.Explain the major stages involved in urine formation. Describe how filtration, selective reabsorption, and secretion contribute to the formation of urine.
Q3.A student consumes packaged snacks and drinks very little water for several days. Explain how proper water intake and healthy food habits support normal kidney function and efficient urine formation.
Q1. A healthy person produces approximately 1.5 litres of urine in one day.
Calculate:
The average volume of urine produced in 7 days.
The average volume of urine produced in 30 days, assuming the daily urine output remains the same.
State one reason why the actual amount of urine may vary from day to day.
Q2. A biology class records the following urine output of a student:
Answer the following:
Calculate the total urine output over the four days.
Calculate the average urine output per day.
Suggest two factors that may influence the amount of urine produced.
Q3. Read the following case:
During a summer school trip, two students had different water-intake habits. Student A drank water regularly, while Student B drank very little water and perspired heavily.
Based on your understanding of the nephron and urine formation:
Compare how the kidneys may respond in both students.
Explain the role of selective reabsorption in maintaining water balance.
Describe how the amount and concentration of urine may be affected in each case.