Classification of Organic Compounds - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: Organic Chemistry Basic Principles | Topic: Classification of Organic Compounds
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Classification of Organic Compounds
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. Which of the following is an example of an aromatic compound?
- Cyclohexane
- Benzene
- Cyclohexene
- Hexane
Q2. An organic compound containing a carbon-carbon triple bond belongs to the family of:
- Alkanes
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Arenes
Q3. Which functional group is present in acetic acid?
- –CHO
- –COOH
- –OH
- –COOR
Q4. A compound with the formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂O can be classified as:
- Only an alcohol
- Only an ether
- Either an alcohol or an ether
- An aldehyde
Q5. Which of the following is a heterocyclic compound?
- Benzene
- Pyridine
- Naphthalene
- Toluene
Q6. The compound CH₃–CH₂–O–CH₃ is classified as:
- An alcohol
- An ether
- An ester
- A ketone
Short Answer Questions
Q7. Differentiate between open-chain (acyclic) and closed-chain (cyclic) compounds with one example of each.
Q8. What are homocyclic and heterocyclic compounds? Give one example of each.
Q9. Classify the following compounds as saturated or unsaturated:
(a) C₂H₆
(b) C₃H₆
(c) C₆H₆
(d) C₅H₁₂
Q10. Identify the functional groups present in the following compounds:
(a) CH₃CHO
(b) CH₃COCH₃
(c) CH₃CH₂NH₂
(d) CH₃CONH₂
Q11. Your mother uses vinegar (acetic acid) in cooking and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) for making cakes. Identify the functional groups in these two common kitchen substances.
Q12. Distinguish between aliphatic and aromatic compounds based on their structure and stability. Give one example of each.
Long Answer Questions
Q13. Describe the various methods of classifying organic compounds. Include:
(a) Classification based on the carbon skeleton (open chain, closed chain, aromatic)
(b) Classification based on functional groups
(c) Classification based on the nature of carbon-carbon bonds (saturated vs. unsaturated)
(d) Classification based on the source (natural vs. synthetic)
Give two examples for each category.
Q14. Discuss the classification of organic compounds based on functional groups. For each of the following functional groups, write the general formula, one example with IUPAC name, and one common use:
(a) Alcohols (–OH)
(b) Aldehydes (–CHO)
(c) Carboxylic acids (–COOH)
(d) Amines (–NH₂)
Q15. Organic compounds are everywhere in our daily lives. Discuss:
(a) Why the classification of organic compounds is important for chemists and pharmacists
(b) How knowing the functional group helps predict the properties and reactions of a compound
(c) Give three examples of organic compounds you encounter in a typical day (from morning to night) and classify them
Numerical / Application-Based Problems
Q16. A compound has the molecular formula C₄H₈O.
(a) Calculate the degree of unsaturation (double bond equivalent) for this compound.
(b) List three possible functional groups this compound could belong to.
(c) Draw the structural formula for one possible compound belonging to each functional group identified.
Q17. An organic compound contains 40% carbon, 6.67% hydrogen, and 53.33% oxygen by mass. Its vapour density is 30.
(a) Calculate its empirical formula.
(b) Calculate its molecular formula.
(c) Suggest one possible functional group and draw its structure.
[Given: Atomic masses: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16]
Q18. A student is given four unlabelled bottles containing: hexane, hexene, benzene, and ethanol.
(a) Suggest one chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated compounds.
(b) Suggest one chemical test to distinguish between an aromatic compound and an alcohol.
(c) Design a flowchart showing how you would systematically identify each compound.