Importance and Scope of Chemistry - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET

Q7. Name any four branches of chemistry and state what each branch studies.

Q8. What is green chemistry? Why is it important for sustainable development?

Q9. How does chemistry contribute to the agricultural sector? Give two examples.

Q10. What is the scope of chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry?

Q11. Your grandmother uses turmeric (haldi) as an antiseptic for cuts, and your mother uses neem leaves to keep insects away. Both turmeric and neem contain chemical compounds with medicinal properties. Explain how traditional Indian knowledge connects with modern pharmaceutical chemistry.

Q12. Why is chemistry called the central science? Explain with reference to its connections with physics, biology, and geology.

Q13. Describe the importance of chemistry in various fields of human life. Discuss its role in:

(a) Health and medicine

(b) Food and agriculture

(c) Industry and technology

(d) Environmental protection

Why is understanding chemistry essential for a science student in the 21st century?

Q14. Explain the different branches of chemistry with suitable examples. How do these branches overlap with each other in real-world applications? Illustrate with an example of drug development that involves organic, physical, and analytical chemistry.

Q15. During a school science fair, your team decides to showcase how chemistry impacts everyday Indian life.

(a) You display samples of urea fertilizer, DDT pesticide, and NPK fertilizer. Explain how agricultural chemistry has transformed Indian farming.

(b) Another stall shows the process of making soap from oils (saponification) and the chemistry behind dyeing fabrics. How does industrial chemistry improve the quality of daily consumer goods?

(c) A third stall demonstrates how chemistry helps in water purification using alum and chlorine. Why is chemical treatment necessary before drinking water?

(d) Your teacher asks: "Can chemistry solve environmental problems, or does it only create them?" How would you respond, citing examples of green chemistry?

Q16. The global chemical industry produces approximately 10 million different chemical products. In India, the chemical industry contributes about 7% to the GDP.

(a) If India's GDP is ₹300 lakh crore, calculate the contribution of the chemical industry in rupees.

(b) The pharmaceutical sector, a subset of the chemical industry, contributes 20% of the chemical industry's output. Calculate its contribution.

(c) If green chemistry initiatives reduce hazardous waste by 15%, calculate the reduction in waste if the total chemical waste produced is 50 million tonnes.

Q17. A chemistry research laboratory in India employs scientists from different branches:

12 organic chemists

8 physical chemists

5 analytical chemists

3 biochemists

2 inorganic chemists

(a) What percentage of the total scientists are organic chemists?

(b) If the laboratory decides to hire 5 more scientists to strengthen green chemistry research, and they want the new team to have 25% biochemists, how many biochemists should they hire?

(c) Why might a drug discovery project need both organic and analytical chemists?

Q18. A student is comparing the environmental impact of traditional and green chemistry approaches to producing 1 kg of a plastic:

Traditional method: Produces 5 kg of toxic waste and uses 100 kJ of energy

Green method: Produces 0.5 kg of waste and uses 60 kJ of energy

(a) Calculate the percentage reduction in waste production using the green method.

(b) Calculate the percentage reduction in energy consumption.

(c) If India produces 10 million kg of this plastic annually, calculate the total waste that could be avoided by switching completely to the green method.