Crop Production Management - Irrigation and Manure - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: Improvement in Food Resources | Topic: Crop Production Management Irrigation Manure
CROP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT - IRRIGATION AND MANURE - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Crop Production Management Irrigation Manure
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. The artificial supply of water to crops at regular intervals is called:
- Rainfall
- Irrigation
- Drainage
- Transpiration
Q2. Which of the following is a traditional method of irrigation in India?
- Drip irrigation
- Moat (pulley system) and Rahat (lever system)
- Sprinkler system
- Centre-pivot irrigation
Q3. Drip irrigation is considered more efficient than flood irrigation because:
- It uses more water
- It delivers water directly to the plant roots, reducing water wastage
- It is cheaper to install
- It covers larger areas
Q4. Manure is preferred over chemical fertilisers by organic farmers because:
- It is more expensive
- It improves soil structure, adds humus, and does not cause pollution
- It works faster than fertilisers
- It comes in colourful packets
Q5. In a field with sandy soil, which irrigation method would be most suitable and why?
- Flood irrigation, because sandy soil holds water well
- Drip irrigation, because sandy soil drains quickly and drip irrigation prevents water loss
- No irrigation needed
- Rain-fed farming only
Short Answer Questions
Q6. What is irrigation? Why is it necessary in Indian agriculture despite the monsoon rains?
Q7. Compare traditional methods of irrigation (like moat and chain pump) with modern methods (like drip and sprinkler irrigation) in terms of water efficiency and cost.
Q8. What is manure? How is it different from chemical fertilisers? List two advantages of using manure in agriculture.
Q9. A farmer in Gujarat grows groundnut in sandy soil. He uses flood irrigation but finds that most of the water drains away quickly. What problem is he facing, and what irrigation method would you recommend for his farm?
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Explain crop production management with focus on irrigation and nutrient management. Describe different sources of irrigation in India (canals, wells, tanks, tube wells), compare traditional and modern irrigation methods, and explain why drip irrigation is particularly valuable in water-scarce regions like Rajasthan and Gujarat. Also discuss the role of manure and fertilisers in maintaining soil fertility.
Q11. "The choice between chemical fertilisers and organic manure is not just about yield — it's about the future of our soil." Discuss this statement by comparing chemical fertilisers and organic manure in terms of nutrient content, speed of action, effect on soil health, cost, and environmental impact. Why do many farmers in India now practise integrated nutrient management using both?
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. Case Study — Irrigation Methods Comparison:
An agricultural university tested three irrigation methods on the same crop:
| Method | Water Used (litres/hectare) | Crop Yield (tonnes/hectare) | Cost of Setup (Rs.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flood irrigation | 15,000 | 3.5 | 5,000 |
| Sprinkler irrigation | 10,000 | 4.0 | 25,000 |
| Drip irrigation | 6,000 | 4.2 | 40,000 |
Answer the following:
(a) Calculate the water saved by drip irrigation compared to flood irrigation. Express it as a percentage.
(b) A farmer has ₹30,000 to invest. Which method can he afford, and what would be the trade-off in terms of water use and yield?
(c) If the government provides a 50% subsidy on drip irrigation setup, how much would the farmer pay? Would this change your recommendation?
Q13. Real-Life Application — Farm Nutrient Budget:
A farmer in Haryana has 5 hectares of wheat fields. He currently uses:
- 200 kg urea (chemical fertiliser) per hectare
- Cost: ₹300 per kg
- Yield: 4 tonnes per hectare
His neighbour uses:
- 10 tonnes farmyard manure per hectare
- Cost: ₹500 per tonne
- Plus 100 kg urea per hectare
- Yield: 3.8 tonnes per hectare
Answer the following:
(a) Calculate the total annual fertiliser cost for both farmers. Show your work.
(b) The neighbour's yield is slightly lower but his soil is getting healthier each year. The first farmer's yield is stuck at 4 tonnes and his soil is becoming hard. Explain this difference in long-term outcomes.
(c) Design a "best of both" plan for the first farmer that maintains yield while improving soil health.