Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: The Fundamental Unit of Life | Topic: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
PROKARYOTIC VS EUKARYOTIC CELLS - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
- Presence of membrane-bound organelles
- Presence of a true nucleus
- Absence of histones in DNA
- Presence of 80S ribosomes
Q2. The size range of prokaryotic cells is typically:
- 1-10 ฮผm
- 10-100 ฮผm
- 100-1000 ฮผm
- 1-10 mm
Q3. In prokaryotes, the genetic material is located in a region called:
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Nucleoid
- Nuclear envelope
Q4. Which of the following organelles is found in eukaryotic cells but NOT in prokaryotic cells?
- Ribosomes
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Cytoplasm
Q5. The ribosomes in prokaryotic cells are:
- 70S
- 80S
- 60S
- 90S
Short Answer Questions
Q6. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the presence or absence of: (a) Nuclear membrane, (b) Membrane-bound organelles, (c) Ribosome size.
Q7. What is a nucleoid? How does it differ from a true nucleus?
Q8. Name TWO examples each of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
Q9. Why are prokaryotic cells generally smaller than eukaryotic cells? Explain the relationship between cell size and surface area to volume ratio.
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Draw a well-labelled diagram comparing a prokaryotic cell (bacterium) and a eukaryotic cell (animal cell). Highlight at least FOUR key structural differences.
Q11. Explain why the presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells allows for greater cellular complexity and specialization compared to prokaryotic cells.
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. A scientist discovers a new organism. She observes the following characteristics under a microscope:
โข Cell size: 2 ฮผm
โข No membrane-bound nucleus
โข DNA is circular and not associated with histones
โข Cell wall contains peptidoglycan
โข Ribosomes are 70S
(a) Classify this organism as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Give reasons.
(b) Is this organism more likely to be a bacterium or an archaean? Explain your reasoning.
(c) If this organism were treated with an antibiotic that targets peptidoglycan synthesis, what would happen? Explain.
Q13. A student argues: "Prokaryotic cells are primitive and less evolved than eukaryotic cells, so they are less important."
(a) Do you agree with this statement? Give TWO reasons supporting your answer.
(b) List TWO important ecological roles performed by prokaryotes.