Lysosomes, Vacuoles and Ribosomes - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: The Fundamental Unit of Life | Topic: Lysosomes Vacuoles and Ribosomes
LYSOSOMES, VACUOLES AND RIBOSOMES - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Lysosomes Vacuoles and Ribosomes
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. Lysosomes are often called "suicide bags" because they contain:
- DNA-degrading enzymes
- Hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting cellular components
- Protein-synthesizing enzymes
- Lipid-synthesizing enzymes
Q2. Ribosomes are composed of:
- DNA and proteins
- RNA and proteins
- Lipids and carbohydrates
- DNA and RNA only
Q3. The large central vacuole in plant cells is primarily responsible for:
- Protein synthesis
- Maintaining turgor pressure and storing nutrients
- Cellular respiration
- Photosynthesis
Q4. Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?
- Digestion of worn-out organelles (autophagy)
- Digestion of foreign particles (phagocytosis)
- Synthesis of proteins
- Programmed cell death (apoptosis)
Q5. In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are of the type:
- 80S
- 70S
- 60S
- 90S
Short Answer Questions
Q6. Describe the structure of a lysosome. Why is it called a "suicide bag" or "disposal unit" of the cell?
Q7. Differentiate between 70S and 80S ribosomes in terms of size, location, and the organisms in which they are found.
Q8. Explain the functions of the large central vacuole in plant cells. How does it differ from vacuoles in animal cells?
Q9. What is autophagy? Explain how lysosomes are involved in this process and why it is important for cell health.
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Draw well-labelled diagrams showing:
(a) The structure of a lysosome and its role in intracellular digestion
(b) The structure of a ribosome (both 70S and 80S types)
Explain how lysosomes and ribosomes work together to maintain cellular health.
Q11. Describe the different types of vacuoles found in plant and animal cells. Compare their structure, size, and functions. Why are vacuoles more prominent in plant cells than in animal cells?
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. A child is diagnosed with Pompe disease, a genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme called acid alpha-glucosidase.
(a) What is the normal function of acid alpha-glucosidase in lysosomes?
(b) Why does the deficiency of this enzyme lead to muscle weakness and heart problems in Pompe disease patients?
(c) Enzyme replacement therapy is used to treat Pompe disease. Explain how this therapy works and why the enzymes must be specifically targeted to lysosomes.
Q13. During a school practical, a student observes onion peel cells under a microscope. She adds a concentrated salt solution to the slide.
(a) What changes would she observe in the cells after adding the salt solution? Explain with reference to osmosis and the vacuole.
(b) If she then adds distilled water to the same cells, what would happen? Explain.
(c) Why do plant cells not burst when placed in distilled water, unlike animal cells?