Bacterial, Viral, Fungal, and Protozoan Diseases - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: Why Do We Fall Ill | Topic: Bacterial Viral Fungal Protozoan Diseases
BACTERIAL, VIRAL, FUNGAL, AND PROTOZOAN DISEASES - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Bacterial Viral Fungal Protozoan Diseases
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. Tuberculosis is caused by:
- A virus
- A bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- A fungus
- A protozoan
Q2. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
- Typhoid
- Common cold
- Malaria
- Cholera
Q3. Ringworm, which causes itchy circular patches on the skin, is caused by:
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Fungus
- Protozoan
Q4. The pathogen that causes malaria is:
- Plasmodium
- Salmonella
- Rhizopus
- Influenza virus
Q5. Antibiotics are effective against bacterial diseases but NOT against viral diseases because:
- Viruses are stronger than bacteria
- Viruses live inside host cells, and antibiotics cannot reach them
- Viruses do not cause diseases
- Antibiotics kill all types of pathogens
Short Answer Questions
Q6. Name one disease each caused by bacteria, virus, fungus, and protozoan. Mention the specific scientific name of the pathogen for each.
Q7. What is the basic difference between bacteria and viruses in terms of their structure and how they multiply? Why does this make viruses harder to treat?
Q8. Explain why a doctor can prescribe antibiotics for typhoid but cannot prescribe the same for common cold. What type of treatment is usually given for a viral common cold?
Q9. Name two fungal diseases that affect humans in India. How do fungal infections usually enter the human body, and why are they more common in humid climates like Kerala or coastal areas?
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Compare bacterial, viral, fungal, and protozoan diseases under these headings: type of pathogen and its structure, examples of diseases common in India, mode of treatment, and prevention methods. Why is it crucial for doctors to identify the type of pathogen before prescribing any medicine?
Q11. Explain tuberculosis and malaria in detail: name the causative organism, the part of the body affected, the main symptoms, and the treatment or prevention method. How does understanding the specific pathogen and its life cycle help in controlling these diseases at the community level?
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. Case Study — Diagnostic Challenge at a PHC:
A rural health centre in Madhya Pradesh received four patients:
| Patient | Symptoms | Background |
|---|---|---|
| A | Coughing blood, weight loss, night sweats | Works in a crowded textile mill |
| B | High fever with chills and shivering, headache | Lives near a swampy area |
| C | Itchy, ring-shaped red patches on arms and legs | Works in a damp warehouse |
| D | Sore throat, runny nose, body ache, no fever | Classmates also have similar symptoms |
Answer the following:
(a) Identify the likely pathogen type (bacteria/virus/fungus/protozoan) for each patient.
(b) What specific test or observation would help confirm each diagnosis?
(c) Why should the doctor NOT give antibiotics to Patient D? What is the risk of giving unnecessary antibiotics?
Q13. Real-Life Application — Medicine Cabinet Mystery:
A household medicine cabinet contains:
Antibiotics (Amoxicillin)
Antiviral tablets
Antifungal cream (Clotrimazole)
Antimalarial tablets
Paracetamol (for fever relief)
Four family members fall sick:
Father: Typhoid (confirmed by blood test)
Mother: Severe viral fever
Daughter: Ringworm infection on foot
Son: Malaria (confirmed by blood smear)
Answer the following:
(a) Match each family member with the correct type of medicine from the cabinet.
(b) What would happen if the father took antiviral tablets instead of antibiotics? Explain.
(c) Why is it dangerous for families to self-medicate using leftover medicines from previous illnesses? Give one specific example from this case.