States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Chapter: Matter in Our Surroundings | Topic: States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas
STATES OF MATTER SOLID LIQUID GAS - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. In solids, the particles are arranged:
- Far apart and move freely
- Close together in a fixed pattern
- Close together but can slide past each other
- Randomly with no definite arrangement
Q2. Which state of matter has neither definite shape nor definite volume?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Plasma
Q3. The force of attraction between particles is strongest in:
- Solids
- Liquids
- Gases
- Same in all states
Q4. Liquids take the shape of their container because:
- Their particles are fixed in position
- Their particles can move freely and slide past each other
- Their particles are far apart
- Their particles have no force of attraction
Q5. Gases are highly compressible because:
- Their particles have strong intermolecular forces
- There is large empty space between their particles
- Their particles are closely packed
- Their particles have very small mass
Q6. Which of the following is NOT a property of solids?
- Definite shape
- Definite volume
- High compressibility
- Rigidity
Short Answer Questions
Q7. List the three states of matter and give one example of each from daily life.
Q8. Why do solids have definite shape and volume while gases do not?
Q9. Compare the arrangement and motion of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.
Q10. Why do liquids flow but solids do not, even though both have particles close together?
Q11. Give two reasons why gases exert pressure on the walls of their container.
Q12. Why is a gas more difficult to contain than a liquid or solid?
Long Answer Questions
Q13. Compare the three states of matter in terms of:
(a) Shape and volume
(b) Arrangement of particles
(c) Intermolecular forces
(d) Motion of particles
(e) Compressibility
Q14. Explain why the same substance can exist in three different states. Use water as an example and describe what changes at the molecular level during each transition.
Q15. Discuss the kinetic theory of matter. How does it explain the differences between solids, liquids, and gases?
Numerical & Application-based Problems
Q16. A sealed container has a volume of 10 L and contains air at 1 atm pressure.
(a) If the container is compressed to 2 L at constant temperature, calculate the new pressure (assuming ideal gas behaviour).
(b) Compare this with what would happen if the container contained 10 L of water instead of air. Explain the difference in terms of particle arrangement.
(c) Calculate the approximate volume of the same mass of water as a solid (ice) if the density of ice is 0.917 g/cm³ and water is 1.0 g/cm³.
Q17. The density of oxygen gas at STP is 1.429 g/L, while the density of liquid oxygen is 1.141 g/cm³.
(a) Calculate the volume occupied by 32 g of oxygen gas at STP.
(b) Calculate the volume occupied by 32 g of liquid oxygen.
(c) Calculate the ratio of the two volumes and explain what this tells us about the spacing of particles in gas and liquid states.
Q18. In your school science lab, a student investigates the three states of water.
(a) She takes 100 g of ice at 0°C and melts it. The volume changes from 109.1 cm³ to 100 cm³. Calculate the density of ice and water, and explain why ice floats on water in terms of molecular structure.
(b) She then heats the water to 100°C and converts it to steam at 100°C. If 100 g of steam at 100°C occupies 167.2 L at 1 atm, calculate how many times the volume has increased compared to liquid water. Explain this enormous expansion.
(c) The student uses the example of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) cylinders used in Indian homes. Explain why LPG is stored as a liquid under pressure but used as a gas, and what safety considerations this involves.
(d) A classmate asks why steam causes more severe burns than boiling water, even though both are at 100°C. Explain this using the concept of latent heat.
(e) In the Indian context, discuss how the three states of water are relevant to the monsoon cycle, agriculture, and daily life. Give specific examples from your own experience.