Antigen-Antibody Response - Unsolved Practice Set
Chapter: Human Health and Disease | Topic: Antigen Antibody Response
ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY RESPONSE - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Antigen Antibody Response
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. An antigen is best defined as:
- A protein produced by B cells to fight infection
- Any foreign substance capable of triggering an immune response in the body
- A type of white blood cell
- A lymphoid organ
Q2. Antibodies are specialised proteins produced by:
- T-lymphocytes directly
- Plasma cells (derived from B-lymphocytes)
- Red blood cells
- The liver only
Q3. The immune response mediated by antibodies present in blood and body fluids is called:
- Cell-mediated immunity
- Humoral immunity
- Innate immunity only
- Passive immunity only
Q4. T-lymphocytes are primarily responsible for:
- Humoral immunity through antibody secretion
- Cell-mediated immunity
- Digestion of foreign particles
- Producing red blood cells
Q5. Compared to the primary immune response, a secondary immune response to the same antigen is generally:
- Slower and weaker
- Faster and stronger, due to immunological memory
- Exactly the same in speed and strength
- Absent altogether
Short Answer Questions
Q6. Define antigen and antibody, and explain the relationship between them.
Q7. What is humoral immunity, and which type of lymphocyte is mainly responsible for it?
Q8. What is cell-mediated immunity, and which type of lymphocyte is mainly responsible for it?
Q9. Why is a secondary immune response typically faster and stronger than a primary immune response?
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Describe the antigen-antibody response, explaining how B-lymphocytes recognise an antigen and eventually produce specific antibodies against it.
Q11. Compare humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity, explaining the roles of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes respectively.
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. A person is exposed to a particular virus for the first time and takes about a week to develop enough antibodies to fight it off. Years later, upon re-exposure to the same virus, their body responds and clears the infection within just a day or two, often without noticeable symptoms. Explain this difference using your understanding of primary and secondary immune responses.
Q13. A patient with a rare condition affecting only their T-lymphocytes (but not B-lymphocytes) shows relatively normal antibody levels, but struggles significantly to fight off certain viral and fungal infections that require cell-mediated defence. Explain, using your understanding of humoral versus cell-mediated immunity, why this specific pattern of vulnerability occurs.