Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET

Q7. Write the IUPAC names of the following:

(a) CH₃CH₂COOH

(b) CH₂=CHCOOH

(c) HOOCCH₂COOH

Q8. Write the structures of the following compounds:

(a) 2-methylpropanoic acid

(b) 3-oxobutanoic acid

(c) p-hydroxybenzoic acid

Q9. Distinguish between a monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid with one example of each.

Q10. What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated carboxylic acid? Give one example of each.

Q11. Write the IUPAC name of CH₃CH(OH)COOH. What type of compound is this?

Q12. Your chemistry teacher shows you a bottle labeled "oxalic acid." Write its structural formula and IUPAC name.

Q13. (a) Explain the rules for naming carboxylic acids according to IUPAC nomenclature.

(b) Write the IUPAC names of the following:

(i) CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂COOH

(ii) CH₂=CHCH₂COOH

(iii) C₆H₅CH₂COOH

(iv) HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-COOH

(c) What is the difference between an aliphatic and an aromatic carboxylic acid?

Q14. (a) Write the IUPAC names of the following dicarboxylic acids:

(i) HOOC-COOH

(ii) HOOC-CH₂-COOH

(iii) HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-COOH

(iv) HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-COOH

(b) What are hydroxy acids? Give two examples with their IUPAC names.

(c) What are keto acids? Give two examples with their IUPAC names.

Q15. (a) Write the structures of the following compounds:

(i) 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

(ii) 4-oxopentanoic acid (levulinic acid)

(iii) Salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid)

(iv) Cinnamic acid (3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid)

(b) A compound has the molecular formula C₄H₈O₂. How many isomeric carboxylic acids and esters are possible? Draw their structures and name them.

Q16. A compound has the molecular formula C₅H₁₀O₂.

(a) How many isomeric carboxylic acids are possible for this formula?

(b) Write the structural formula and IUPAC name of each isomer.

(c) Which isomer would have the highest boiling point? Give reason.

(d) Which isomer is found in goat's milk and gives it a distinctive smell? (Name the compound.)

(e) A student claims that all isomers of C₅H₁₀O₂ can be distinguished by their IUPAC names alone. Is this correct? Explain.

Q17. Consider the following compounds:

A: HCOOH

B: CH₃COOH

C: CH₃CH₂COOH

D: C₆H₅COOH

E: CH₂=CHCOOH

F: HOOC-COOH

(a) Write the IUPAC name of each compound.

(b) Classify each as saturated, unsaturated, aromatic, or dicarboxylic acid.

(c) Arrange A, B, C, and D in order of increasing acidic strength. Explain your reasoning.

(d) Which compound(s) would react with NaHCO₃ to give brisk effervescence? Write the reaction.

(e) Compound D is used as a food preservative. Why is it effective? (Consider its antimicrobial properties.)

Q18. In a school chemistry lab, students are given four unlabeled bottles containing:

Bottle 1: HCOOH (methanoic acid)

Bottle 2: CH₃COOH (ethanoic acid)

Bottle 3: C₆H₅COOH (benzoic acid)

Bottle 4: HOOC-COOH (ethanedioic acid)

(a) Write the IUPAC name of each compound.

(b) A student adds NaHCO₃ to each bottle. Describe the expected observations for each bottle.

(c) The teacher asks students to distinguish between Bottle 1 and Bottle 2 using a simple chemical test. Suggest a test and describe the expected observations. (Hint: Consider reducing properties.)

(d) Which bottle contains a compound that is used to remove ink stains? Why is it effective?

(e) The students learn that one of these compounds is used in the leather industry for tanning. Which compound is it and why? (Consider its ability to precipitate proteins.)