Classification and Nomenclature - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET

Q7. Classify the following alcohols as primary, secondary, or tertiary:

(a) CH₃CH₂CH(OH)CH₃

(b) (CH₃)₃COH

(c) C₆H₅CH₂OH

Q8. Distinguish between an alcohol and a phenol with one example of each.

Q9. Write the IUPAC names of the following:

(a) CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃

(b) C₆H₅OCH₃

(c) (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH

Q10. What is the difference between a simple ether and a mixed ether? Give one example of each.

Q11. Your chemistry teacher shows you a bottle labeled "isopropyl alcohol." Write its structural formula and IUPAC name.

Q12. What is a dihydric alcohol? How does it differ from a trihydric alcohol? Give one example of each.

Q13. (a) Classify alcohols based on:

(i) The number of -OH groups (monohydric, dihydric, trihydric)

(ii) The nature of the carbon atom bonded to -OH (primary, secondary, tertiary)

(iii) The hybridization of the carbon bearing the -OH group

Give one example of each type.

Q14. (a) Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds:

(i) CH₃CH(OH)CH(OH)CH₃

(ii) (CH₃)₃CCH₂OH

(iii) p-CH₃C₆H₄OH

(iv) CH₃OCH(CH₃)₂

(v) C₆H₅CH₂CH₂OH

(b) Write the structures of:

(i) 2-methoxypropane

(ii) 1,3-propanediol

(iii) 2,4-dinitrophenol

Q15. (a) What are the different types of ethers based on the nature of alkyl/aryl groups attached to oxygen?

(b) Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling points: CH₃OH, CH₃OCH₃, C₂H₅OH, C₂H₅OC₂H₅. Give reasons for your arrangement.

Q16. A compound has the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O.

(a) How many structural isomers (alcohols and ethers) are possible for this formula?

(b) Write the structural formula and IUPAC name of each isomer.

(c) Classify each alcohol isomer as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

(d) Which isomer would you expect to have the highest boiling point? Give reason.

(e) Which isomer would be most resistant to oxidation? Give reason.

Q17. Consider the following compounds:

A: CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

B: CH₃CH(OH)CH₃

C: (CH₃)₃COH

D: CH₃OCH₂CH₃

E: C₆H₅OH

F: C₆H₅CH₂OH

(a) Classify each compound as primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol, ether, or phenol.

(b) Write the IUPAC name of each compound.

(c) Arrange A, B, and C in order of increasing reactivity towards Lucas reagent. Explain your reasoning.

(d) Which compound(s) would react with NaOH? Which would not? Explain.

(e) Compound F is more reactive than compound E towards electrophilic substitution. Explain why.

Q18. In a school chemistry lab, students are given four unlabeled bottles containing:

Bottle 1: CH₃CH₂CH₂OH (1-propanol)

Bottle 2: CH₃CH(OH)CH₃ (2-propanol)

Bottle 3: (CH₃)₃COH (tert-butanol)

Bottle 4: CH₃OCH₂CH₃ (ethyl methyl ether)

(a) Write the IUPAC name of each compound.

(b) A student adds Lucas reagent (ZnCl₂ + conc. HCl) to each bottle at room temperature. Describe the expected observations for each bottle.

(c) The teacher asks students to distinguish between Bottle 1 and Bottle 4 using a simple chemical test. Suggest a test and describe the expected observations.

(d) Which bottle contains a compound that is used as a rubbing alcohol in medicine? (Name the compound only.)

(e) The students are told that one of these compounds is used as a solvent in perfume industry. Which compound is it and why? (Consider volatility and smell.)