Human Genome Project - Unsolved Practice Set
Chapter: Molecular Basis of Inheritance | Topic: Human Genome Project
HUMAN GENOME PROJECT - UNSOLVED PRACTICE SET
Topic: Human Genome Project
Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. The Human Genome Project aimed to determine the complete sequence of:
- Only protein-coding genes
- The entire human genome (all ~3.2 billion base pairs of DNA)
- Only mitochondrial DNA
- Only chromosome 1
Q2. The Human Genome Project was officially declared complete around the year:
- 1990
- 2000
- 2003
- 2010
Q3. One of the surprising findings of the Human Genome Project was that the human genome contains approximately:
- 100,000 genes
- 20,000–25,000 genes
- 1 million genes
- 500 genes
Q4. A large proportion of the human genome consists of sequences that:
- Code directly for proteins
- Do not code for proteins (often called non-coding or repetitive DNA)
- Are found only in bacteria
- Have no biological relevance at all
Q5. Among human chromosomes, which one is reported to contain the fewest genes?
- Chromosome 1
- Chromosome Y
- Chromosome 21
- Chromosome X
Short Answer Questions
Q6. What was the main goal of the Human Genome Project?
Q7. Mention any two surprising or significant findings that emerged from the Human Genome Project.
Q8. Why is understanding the complete human genome considered useful for the field of medicine?
Q9. In which year was the Human Genome Project considered essentially complete?
Long Answer Questions
Q10. Discuss the major goals and methods used in the Human Genome Project, describing how scientists went about sequencing the entire human genome.
Q11. Explain the significance of the Human Genome Project's findings, particularly regarding the actual number of protein-coding genes and the presence of large amounts of non-coding DNA.
APPLICATION / ANALYSIS
Q12. Before the Human Genome Project, many scientists estimated that humans might have around 100,000 genes, based on the complexity of the human body. The actual number turned out to be much lower (around 20,000–25,000). Suggest a possible explanation, based on what you know about gene regulation and processing, for why so few genes can produce such complex biological outcomes.
Q13. A pharmaceutical company wants to develop a targeted drug for a genetic disorder linked to a specific human gene. Explain how information from the Human Genome Project could help researchers locate and study this particular gene more efficiently.